Hybrid Technology for Water Heating Applications: A Review

The global energy deficit is currently a critical issue in the sector. As result, rising demand increases consumption of conventional fossil fuels, contributing to climate crisis and greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, over-reliance on fossil-fuel-based necessitates development sustainable system meet lingering heat demand. Hence, renewable efficient hybrid water heating technologies are viable options for achieving net-zero energy. economic benefits these offer promising prospect widespread adoption increasing hot production developing countries. These becoming increasingly popular domestic thermal applications remote areas compensate shortages. paper aims provide an overview technologies, focusing configurations, optimization techniques, mono-particle, nanofluids modelling. This also highlights prospects such systems' attractiveness public adoption.